9 résultats pour “chambre commerce”

For the last 15 years, foreign trade has been experiencing growing difficulties and the French trade balance has continued to worsen. In 2021, in an admittedly unusual context, it reached an all-time low of -€84.7bn. The low buoyancy of exports, compared to that of imports, puts France in a recurren...

There were more than 2.5 million farmers in France in 1955, but today there are only 496,000 left, according to the 2020 Agricultural Census. As a corollary to this trend, the number of farms in mainland France is falling, to around 389,000 in 2020 – almost 800,000 fewer than in 1980. Every year sin...

In the Seine basin, flooding is one of the biggest natural hazards, after drought. The Île-de-France metropolitan area is particularly vulnerable to the risk of flooding. The last major floods occurred in May-June 2016 and January-February 2018, costing €1.4 billion and €150 million to €200 million ...

In addition to its well-developed agri-food and tourism sectors, the French department of Jura has a dense network of small and medium-sized businesses in the aeronautics, metal, plastics, timber, construction and eyewear industries. These companies are facing major recruitment difficulties, which a...

Value Added Tax (VAT) is a general consumption tax charged directly to customers on the goods they consume or the services they use in France. The substantial changes in its budgetary and legal framework, as well as recent developments in the economic situation, marked by the health crisis, the ener...

The desire for strategic independence and the narrowness of the domestic defence market, combined with the need to build solid military cooperation, have led France to develop an ambitious military equipment export policy. This strategy is part of an international context marked by higher volumes of...

Defined by international law, the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of French Polynesia represents an area of more than 4.5 million km², around 118 islands divided into five archipelagos, where about 280,000 inhabitants live. For 25 years, the French State and the French Polynesia community have sought ...

At the request of the Senate Finance Committee, the Court of Accounts has initiated a reflection on scenarios for the funding of local governments. This investigation comes at a time when the abolition of the housing tax on main residences and the reduction in production taxes have profoundly altere...

Vocational training is a process of acquiring the knowledge and skills required in specific occupations or, more broadly, on the job market. The law of 5 September 2018 on the freedom to choose a professional future profoundly changed the mechanisms and, more generally, the very landscape of vocatio...