Controlling energy consumption is essential to support the goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 and to ensure a balance between energy supply and demand, particularly for electricity. As part of the “Fit for 55” package presented by the European Commission, in 2023 France proposed to step up its efforts to reduce its final energy consumption by 30 % by 2030 compared with 2012, thereby meeting the objectives of the EU Energy Efficiency Directive (EED), revised in 2023. Created by the programme law of 13 July 2005 setting out energy policy guidelines, energy saving certificates (ESCs) are the main tools of this energy efficiency policy aimed at reducing energy consumption. Through a market mechanism, they oblige energy suppliers and motor fuel vendors to support energy-saving initiatives. At the request of the French National Assembly's Finance Committee, the Court analysed the governance of the scheme, its cost and its effectiveness, while also ensuring that it was consistent with other energy policy tools.
