Publications

As a result of the 2014 railway reforms, France now has a unified full-fledged railway infrastructure manager in place in the form of SNCF Réseau, which is equipped with all the operational resources it requires to deliver on its remit. In 2018 a new reform transformed the organisation, with effect ...

Banque de France, a unique institution wholly owned by the French state, is part of the Eurosystem. Accordingly, it issues banknotes and circulates them within French territory, maintains paper money and ensures that it is circulated effectively. It holds the nation's foreign currency reserves and e...

In an opinion published in 2014, the Court indicated that the use of funds resulting from appeals to public generosity issued by the National Union for the Blind and Visually Impaired (Unadev) was not consistent with the objectives presented by the association. The principal objective of this audit ...

The creation of the Direction Générale des Finances Publiques (DGFiP – Public Finances General Directorate) in 2008, by the merger of the Direction Générale des Impôts (DGI – General Directorate of Taxes) with the Direction Générale de la Comptabilité Publique (DGCP – General Directorate of Public A...

L’Institution des courses, the French collective horse-racing body, encompasses five main entities, including Société d’Encouragement à l’Élevage du Cheval Français (SECF) and France Galop, which organise trot and gallop horse racing respectively, and manage the main race courses. These two parent c...

France set aside about €10 billion a year on defense equipment projects during the period covered by the current Military Programming Law (LPM) i.e., 2014-2019. The LPM bill being debated in Parliament provides for an increase in these investments for the period 2019-2023, with an annual average of ...

Valorisation of public research refers to the way in which knowledge developed by researchers in public structures is used by companies or the researchers themselves to produce economic and social value. This may be achieved via partnerships between public laboratories and companies, technology tr...

Eight years after publishing a report entitled “Household Wealth” (2009), the Council of Mandatory Contributions focused its research in 2017 on the taxation of household capital. This study focuses on all taxes and social contributions levied on holdings, financial income and the transfer of elemen...