Publications

Designated by the President of the Republic in 2017 and 2022 as a "Great National Cause", gender equality policy has been the subject of several high points, including the presentation of the "All Equal" plan in March 2023. This report highlights the differences in the life paths of women and men th...

The Mediterranean coast is an area of high socio-environmental tensions, home to almost 3.3 million people. The management of this territory, shaped by the State before the decentralising laws and then by the intervention of local authorities, is now being called into question. The local authorities...

In France, the national police and gendarmerie jointly carry out public safety and law enforcement duties. Since the gendarmerie became part of the Ministry of the Interior in 2009, they have been under the same political authority. The internal security forces employ 253,000 police officers and gen...

Based in particular on the audits carried out by the Regional and Territorial Chambers of Accounts, the Court has examined the conditions under which local authorities and their groupings delegate the management of local public services to private companies. The Court proposes a series of measures t...

The pass Culture scheme has been a priority policy of the ministry of culture since 2017. Following trials in a number of departments, the pass Culture scheme was rolled out to all 18 year-olds throughout France in 2021, then extended to 15-17 year-olds in 2022. It provides beneficiaries with an ind...

The Territoires d'Industrie Programme was launched in 2018 by the government to set up a cooperative framework to support industry outside metropolitan areas, around small and medium-sized towns and in rural areas. These areas are home to a large number of companies and production units, with a prop...

Spread across three oceans, the French overseas territories, despite their legal, demographic, cultural, economic and social heterogeneity, are faced with common difficulties, such as unemployment and poverty rates that are systematically higher than in mainland France. Training students and the dev...

Saving for retirement allows you to save during your working life so that you have the resources to supplement the sums paid by compulsory pension schemes. In the years leading up to the Pacte Act of 22 February 2019, the French supplementary pension landscape was marked by a low level of subscripti...

At a time of crisis in the teaching profession, causing difficulties in recruitment, replacement and retention, the human resources function of the Ministry of National Education, the largest employer in the State, is crucial. Education accounts for the largest share of the national budget (€87 bill...

The 2019 law on the transformation of the civil service sought to modernise and simplify social dialogue in the three branches of the civil service: modernise by making it possible to conclude collective agreements, simplify by reducing the number of social bodies in order to lighten the procedures ...