In structural terms, the financial stability of the health insurance system has been affected by the ageing population and an increasing share of chronic pathologies in health care expenditure. In addition, the impacts of the health crisis on social security receipts and the increases in remuneratio...
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France has, more than its main partners, suffered from the deindustrialisation movement affecting most advanced countries. In recent times, this situation can be explained in large part by the decline in cost competitiveness that its economy suffered between 2000 and 2010, in a context when entry in...
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Despite numerous measures resulting from successive reforms, the integration of young people into the labour market remains difficult in our country, and their pathway to employment unsure and rocky. The recent emphasis on more intensive support for young job seekers and apprenticeships, rather than...
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Despite national spending on education above the OECD average, the performance of the French school system tends to deteriorate, particularly for young people from disadvantaged backgrounds. Educational reforms, increased resources, the results of assessments of student achievement have not yet made...
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The policy pursued by the Ministry of Culture since its creation has resulted in a tremendous expansion of cultural activity in our country. This policy has also benefited from the growing intervention of local governments, who have relied on decentralization laws to invest in the field of culture a...
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There is a strong contrast between a housing policy designed in the 1970s, or even in the post-war years, prioritising reconstruction, and the human realities of France in the 2020s. In addition, although this policy is part of a constantly evolving framework, it is struggling to achieve the growing...
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Rail reforms have incrementally brought about substantial improvements to the French rail network. However, they have failed to overcome a number of structural weaknesses, which the health crisis has greatly aggravated. The national rail network is struggling to recover after years of being run down...
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For several years, the National Police have been confronted with major security challenges and high expectations from citizens. To cope with this, they have enjoyed significant additional resources, as evidenced by the 21% increase in its payroll in ten years, and the increased support from new secu...
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Around 70% of France’s power is now generated by the fleet of nuclear reactors. EDF plans to extend the lifespan of at least some of its nuclear power plants to 60 years. However, this fleet will have largely ceased production by 2050, calling for the renewal of a significant part of the electricity...
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This report is part of a body of work intended to present, for several major public policies, the main challenges that public decision-makers will face in the coming years and the levers that could make it possible to meet them. This series of publications, which runs from October to December 2021, ...
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